| Peer-Reviewed

An Advocacy for Marine Protected Areas Initiative for Conservation of Ecological Resources and Survival of Coastal Communities in Nigeria

Received: 31 July 2020     Accepted: 18 August 2020     Published: 27 August 2020
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The marine protected areas (MPAs) initiative is a globally recognized area-based environmental safety and resources conservation tool. It is mostly utilized for preserving marine biodiversity loss and ecosystem services. The instrument has been proven since introduction for mitigating against biodiversity loss by promoting the persistence, recovery and growth of marine populations around aquatic regions of the world. The Niger Delta has been a misery of adverse ecological and economic disorders for over sixty decades of ceaseless exploitation of oil and gas resources. Available records show that the Nigerian government is not oblivious to the environmental woes affecting various parts of the country, and also have not derailed to tackling them through various environmental safety and conservation initiatives. However, the vital MPAs’ initiative have not been considered by the Nigerian government in its efforts to tackling the environmental crisis related to the oil-rich Niger Delta. This advocacy is thus envisaged as a wake-up call for the Nigerian government and other international conservation agencies to look towards the coastal areas of the Niger Delta in order to realize the long-term goal of conserving the ecological resources and ensure the survival of the indigenous people of the region. Secondary data relating to marine protected areas across the globe used in the analyses.

Published in Journal of Political Science and International Relations (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12
Page(s) 56-60
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Advocacy, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), Ecological Resources, Survival, Coastal Communities, Nigeria

References
[1] National Policy on the Environment (Revised 2016). Federal M.
[2] Balbar, A. C. & Metaxas, A. (2019). The current application of ecological connectivity in the design of marine protected areas. Journal of Global Ecology Conservation, 17, 1-20.
[3] Read, A. D., McBride, C., Spencer, T., Anderson, P., Smith, J., Costa, T., Clementz, S. & Dowd, A. (2019). Preventing noncompliance in marine protected areas using real-time alert system. Ocean and Coastal Management, 173: 123-130.
[4] O'Leary, B. C., Ban, N. C., Fernandez, M., Friedlander, A. M., García-Borboroglu, P., Golbuu, Y., Guidetti, P., Harris, J. M., Hawkins, J. P., Langlois, T., McCauley, D. J., Pikitch, E. K., Richmond, R. H., Roberts, C. M., 2018. Addressing criticisms of large-scale marine protected areas. Bioscience 68: 359–370.
[5] Lewis, N., Day, J. C., Wilhelm, T.‘A., Wagner, D., Gaymer, C., Parks, J., Friedlander, A., White, S., Sheppard, C., Spalding, M., San Martin, G., Skeat, A., Taei, S., Teroroko, T., Evans, J. (2017). Large-scale Marine Protected Areas: Guidelines for Design and Management. IUCN, Gland, en. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2017.PAG.26.
[6] Friedlander, A. M., Wagner, D., Gaymer, C. F., Wilhelm, T. a., Lewis, N. a., Brooke, S., Kikiloi, K., Varmer, O., (2016). Co-operation between large-scale MPAs: successful experiences from the Pacific Ocean: cooperation between Pacific Large-Scale MPAs. Aquat. Conserv. Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 26: 126–141.
[7] De Santo, E. M. (2019). Militarized marine protected areas in overseas territories: Conserving biodiversity, geographical positioning, and securing resources in the 21st Century. Ocean and Coastal Management, 1-13.
[8] Chittirapap, C. (2016). Chapter 3: Human vulnerability to environmental change. UNEP, Thopam Picturepoint, 302-317.
[9] Dudley, N. (Ed.). (2008). Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories. IUCN, Gland.
[10] Day, J., Dudley, N., Hockings, M., Holmes, G., Laffoley, D. D. A., Stalton, S., & Wells, S. M. (2012). Guidelines for applying the IUCN protected area management categories to marine protected areas. IUCN.
[11] Da Silva, A. P. (2019). Brazilian large-scale marine protected areas: Other “paper parks”? Ocean and Coastal Management, 169: 169-112.
[12] CBD. (2010). The strategic plan for biodiversity 2011–2020 and the Aichi biodiversity targets. Nagoya, Japan: CBD.
[13] Dang, V. H., 2014. Marine Protected Areas Network in the South China Sea: Charting a Course for Future Cooperation. Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden.
[14] Guerreiro, J., Chircop, A., Dzidzornu, D., Grilo, C., Ribeiro, R., Van der Elst, R., Viras, A., 2001. The role of international environmental instruments in enhancing transboundary marine protected areas: an approach in East Africa. Mar. Pol. 35, 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2010.06.013. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE), 2011. Atlas geografico das zonas costeiras e oceanicas do Brasil. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro.
[15] Rife, A. N., Erisman, B., Sanchez, A., Aburto-Oropeza, O., 2013. When good intentions are not enough…Insights on networks of “paper park” marine protected areas. Conserv. Lett. 6, 200–212. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-263X.2012.00303.x.
[16] Grorud-Colvert, K., Claudet, J., Tissot, B. N., Caselle, J. E., Carr, M. H., Day, J. C., Friedlander, A. M., Lester, S. E., de Loma, T. L., Malone, D., Walsh, W. J. (2014). Marine protected area networks: assessing whether the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. PLoS One 9 e102298. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102298.
[17] Abowei, J. F. N. & Ogamba, E. N. (2013). Effects of water pollution in Koluama Area, Niger Delta area, Nigeria fish species composition, histology, shrimp fishery and fishing gear type. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 6 (3), 373-381.
[18] Gomez, C., & Green, D. R. (2013). The impact of oil and gas drilling accidents on EU fisheries. EU-Directorate General for Internal Policies.
[19] Nwilo, P. C., & Badejo, O. T. (2005, May). Oil spill problems and management in the Niger Delta. In International oil spill conference (Vol. 2005, No. 1: 567-570). American Petroleum Institute.
[20] Adeyemo, O. K., Ubiogoro, O. E., and Adedeji, O. B. (2010). Oil exploitation, fisheries resources and sustainable livelihood in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Nature & Fauna, 24 (1): 56-61.
[21] Manby, B. (1999). The price of oil: Corporate responsibility and human rights violations in Nigeria's oil producing communities. (Vol. 2. 156). Human Rights Watch.
[22] Akpofure, E. A., Efere, M. L. & Ayawei, P. (2000). The Adverse Effects of Crude Oil Spills in the Niger Delta. Urhobo Historical Society, 1, 21-33.
[23] Aworawo, D. (2000). The impact of environmental degradation of the rural economy of the Niger Delta. In Osuntokun, A. Environmental problems of the Niger Delta. Lagos, Friedrich Ebert Foundation.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Fie David Dan-Woniowei. (2020). An Advocacy for Marine Protected Areas Initiative for Conservation of Ecological Resources and Survival of Coastal Communities in Nigeria. Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 3(3), 56-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Fie David Dan-Woniowei. An Advocacy for Marine Protected Areas Initiative for Conservation of Ecological Resources and Survival of Coastal Communities in Nigeria. J. Polit. Sci. Int. Relat. 2020, 3(3), 56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Fie David Dan-Woniowei. An Advocacy for Marine Protected Areas Initiative for Conservation of Ecological Resources and Survival of Coastal Communities in Nigeria. J Polit Sci Int Relat. 2020;3(3):56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12,
      author = {Fie David Dan-Woniowei},
      title = {An Advocacy for Marine Protected Areas Initiative for Conservation of Ecological Resources and Survival of Coastal Communities in Nigeria},
      journal = {Journal of Political Science and International Relations},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {56-60},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jpsir.20200303.12},
      abstract = {The marine protected areas (MPAs) initiative is a globally recognized area-based environmental safety and resources conservation tool. It is mostly utilized for preserving marine biodiversity loss and ecosystem services. The instrument has been proven since introduction for mitigating against biodiversity loss by promoting the persistence, recovery and growth of marine populations around aquatic regions of the world. The Niger Delta has been a misery of adverse ecological and economic disorders for over sixty decades of ceaseless exploitation of oil and gas resources. Available records show that the Nigerian government is not oblivious to the environmental woes affecting various parts of the country, and also have not derailed to tackling them through various environmental safety and conservation initiatives. However, the vital MPAs’ initiative have not been considered by the Nigerian government in its efforts to tackling the environmental crisis related to the oil-rich Niger Delta. This advocacy is thus envisaged as a wake-up call for the Nigerian government and other international conservation agencies to look towards the coastal areas of the Niger Delta in order to realize the long-term goal of conserving the ecological resources and ensure the survival of the indigenous people of the region. Secondary data relating to marine protected areas across the globe used in the analyses.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - An Advocacy for Marine Protected Areas Initiative for Conservation of Ecological Resources and Survival of Coastal Communities in Nigeria
    AU  - Fie David Dan-Woniowei
    Y1  - 2020/08/27
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12
    T2  - Journal of Political Science and International Relations
    JF  - Journal of Political Science and International Relations
    JO  - Journal of Political Science and International Relations
    SP  - 56
    EP  - 60
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-2785
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20200303.12
    AB  - The marine protected areas (MPAs) initiative is a globally recognized area-based environmental safety and resources conservation tool. It is mostly utilized for preserving marine biodiversity loss and ecosystem services. The instrument has been proven since introduction for mitigating against biodiversity loss by promoting the persistence, recovery and growth of marine populations around aquatic regions of the world. The Niger Delta has been a misery of adverse ecological and economic disorders for over sixty decades of ceaseless exploitation of oil and gas resources. Available records show that the Nigerian government is not oblivious to the environmental woes affecting various parts of the country, and also have not derailed to tackling them through various environmental safety and conservation initiatives. However, the vital MPAs’ initiative have not been considered by the Nigerian government in its efforts to tackling the environmental crisis related to the oil-rich Niger Delta. This advocacy is thus envisaged as a wake-up call for the Nigerian government and other international conservation agencies to look towards the coastal areas of the Niger Delta in order to realize the long-term goal of conserving the ecological resources and ensure the survival of the indigenous people of the region. Secondary data relating to marine protected areas across the globe used in the analyses.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Political Science, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria

  • Sections